Based on this classification funds from various EU supported programmes to protect against forest fire are allocated to different regions.Īlong with timber, which predominantly consists of cellulose and lignin, plant components such as leaves, needles, bark, grass and moss also burn in a forest fire. In some of the eastern German states there is a further differentiation of Class A into A1 "Areas with a very high forest fire danger" and A "Areas with a high forest fire danger". Index A areas indicate a high forest fire risk, Index B a medium risk and Index C a low risk. Forest fire risk areas are divided into three risk classes by the EU. The higher the proportion of pine stands – up to 40 years old – the more endangered the forest. Young or sparsely vegetated coniferous forests with readily burnable material such as grass, heather or dry branches provide optimal ignition conditions. Outside of this belt there are additional small fire risk areas in Schleswig-Holstein’s Geestland, the Upper Palantinate, the Nuremberg Reich forest and on the Upper Rhine plain. Such a forest belt extends from the polish border, across Brandenburg, southern Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, northern Saxony, Saxony-Anhalt and northern Lower Saxony to the Netherlands. The prevailing vegetative characteristic of areas at risk from forest fires is extensive pine forests on poor sites with a dry climate.įor historical reasons, these areas arose in the 18th and 19th century from forest pastures, or from forests overused for litter gathering or through the afforestation of heath lands, predominantly with pine trees.
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